The spectrum of cosmic rays escaping from relativistic shocks
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
On the universality of the spectrum of cosmic rays accelerated at highly relativistic shocks
I consider analytically particle acceleration at relativistic shocks, in the limit of pitch angle diffusion and large shock Lorentz factors. The derived energy spectrum index (k = (1 + √ 13)/2 ≈ 2.30), and particle pitch angle distribution at the shock are successfully compared with the results of numerical solutions. This totally analytic derivation is completely independent of the detailed de...
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Nonthermal particles can be produced due to incomplete thermalization at collisionless shocks and further accelerated to very high energies via diffusive shock acceleration. In a previous study we explored the cosmic ray (CR) acceleration at cosmic shocks through numerical simulations of CR modified, quasi-parallel shocks in 1D plane-parallel geometry with the physical parameters relevant for t...
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We derive constraints which must be satisfied by the sources of ∼ 1015 to ∼ 1018 eV cosmic rays, under the assumption that the sources are Galactic. We show that while these constraints are not satisfied by ordinary supernovae, which are believed to be the sources of . 1015 eV cosmic rays, they may be satisfied by the recently discovered class of trans-relativistic supernovae (TRSNe), supernova...
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Shocks are a ubiquitous consequence of cosmic structure formation, and they play an essential role in heating galaxy cluster media. Virtually all of the gas in clusters has been processed by one or more shocks of at least moderate strength. These are collisionless shocks, so likely sites for diffusive shock acceleration of high energy particles. We have carried out numerical simulations of cosm...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics
سال: 2010
ISSN: 1475-7516
DOI: 10.1088/1475-7516/2010/10/012